栓皮栎幼苗对土壤干旱胁迫的生理响应

以栓皮栎一年生盆栽苗为实验材料,采用称重控水的方法,设置不同土壤水分胁迫梯度,系统分析其幼苗在不同干旱胁迫条件下的生理生化响应特征,以探索栓皮栎耐旱特性.结果显示:(1)栓皮栎幼苗叶片中3种保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性在对照(CK,土壤相对含水量19.5％～21.5％)条件下保持稳定,而中度干旱(T2,9.5％～11.5％)和重度干旱(T3,5.5％～7.5％)条件下,随着胁迫时间的延长呈先增高后降低的趋势,且变化的幅度在不同胁迫强度下存在差异.(2)在整个干旱胁迫过程中,各胁迫处理叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量均呈上升趋势,不同胁迫强度的变化幅度不同；叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量和根系活力随着干旱胁迫程度的增强呈先增高后降低的趋势.(3)栓皮栎幼苗叶片的脯氨酸含量随着干旱胁迫时间的延长表现出先增加后降低的趋势；叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量以及叶绿素a/b值均呈逐渐降低的趋势.研究表明,栓皮栎幼苗在短期和轻度干旱胁迫下通过提高自身的保护酶活性、增加可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量、提高根系活力等来抵御干旱环境的伤害,从而表现出较强的耐旱特性；而在重度干旱胁迫条件下,栓皮栎幼苗自我调节能力丧失,体内代谢紊乱,导致保护酶活性、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量和根系活力等下降,从而受到干旱伤害.

Physiological Responses of Quercus variabilis Seedlings to Soil Drought Stress

Using the cork oak annual potted seedlings as experimental material,we studied the physiological and biochemical responses of Quercus variabilis seedlings under different soil drought stress systematically by way of weighing to control water content in soil.The result showed:(1)Under the CK stress (relative soil water content is 19.5%~21.5%),SOD,POD and CAT activities in the leaves of Q.variabilis seedlings kept stable,however,under the moderate and severe stress,with the time of drought stress,SOD,POD and CAT activities were increased firstly and then declined.But the ranges were different under different drought degrees.(2)In the whole process,the content of MDA kept an upward trend under different drought degrees,but the ranges were different.In addition,the content of soluble protein and the root activity raised firstly and then decreased with increasing of drought stress.(3)The content of proline become increased firstly and then declined,and the contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll in total and a/b were decreased in the process of drought stress.It was resulted that Q.variabilis seedlings improved the characteristic of resistance to soil drought stress by increasing the activities of protective enzymes,the content of soluble protein,proline content,root activity and so on in the short time and mild stress.Under severe stress,the metabolism in vivo and self regulation ability were in disorder and deprived,causing the protective enzyme activities,proline content,soluble protein content and root activity decreasing.