黄土高原纸坊沟流域不同植物对土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性的影响

为了解不同植被类型对土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性的影响,以黄土高原纸坊沟流域的9种植物为研究对象,选取撂荒地为参照,分析了各类植被植物根际土土壤微生物生物量、土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化因子的相关性.结果显示:(1)与撂荒地相比,经过植被恢复后,乔木和灌木植被下土壤肥力、微生物生物量和土壤酶活性均有所提高,而草本植被下土壤的碱解氮含量、微生物生物量磷、脲酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性却有所降低.(2)不同植被类型土壤微生物生物量碳和氮、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性符合灌木＞乔木＞草本的规律；土壤微生物生物量磷、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性符合乔木＞灌木＞草本的规律.(3)土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷与土壤有机质、全氮及全磷含量呈极显著正相关；4种土壤酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮及碱解氮含量呈极显著正相关.研究表明,黄土高原纸坊沟流域土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性受植被类型及土壤养分等因素的共同影响,且人工灌木植被对土壤的恢复作用高于乔木和草本植被.

Effects of Different Plants on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in Zhifanggou Watershed of Loess Plateau

To reveal the effects of different vegetation types of Zhifanggou watershed on soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities,we studied the microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities and the correlation between soil physicochemical factors and mentioned parameters,taking nine vegetations of this valley as the materials.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the abandoned land,soil physiochemical properties,microbial biomass and enzyme activities of arbor and shrub increased;the available nitrogen,microbial biomass P,soil urease activity and catalase activity of herbaceous decreased.(2)Soil microbial biomass C,microbial biomass N,invertase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity of different vegetation types were consistent with the law of shrub>arbor>herbaceous,while the microbial biomass P,urease activity and catalase activity were consistent with the law of arbor>shrub>herbaceous.(3)The soil microbial biomass C,N and P were significant positively correlated with soil organic material,total nitrogen and total phosphorus,and there were significant positive correlations between enzyme activities and soil organic material,total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen.It indicated that soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities were influenced by vegetation types and soil physicochemical properties collectively,and the artificial shrub had a better effect on plant recovering than those of artificial arbor and herbaceous.