华南地区8种常见园林地被植物抗旱性比较研究

以华南地区8种常见园林地被植物为研究对象,在温室内设置盆栽控水试验,分组测定各参试植物的永久萎蔫率,叶片失水率、相对含水量、相对电导率、可溶性糖、脯氨酸以及丙二醛含量等生理生化指标,并用隶属函数法对其抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)植物的永久萎蔫率和叶片失水率以鹅掌藤、白蝴蝶相对较低,其植株表现出较强的抗旱性。(2)随着持续干旱时间的延长,8种地被植物的叶片相对含水量呈不同程度下降趋势;叶片相对电导率、MDA含量均有不同程度升高;叶片可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量的变化趋势不一。(3)3种木本植物的抗旱性强弱依次为鹅掌藤>红花龙船花>红背桂,5种草本植物依次为水鬼蕉>蚌兰>白蝴蝶>葱兰>大叶红草。研究表明,植物的永久萎蔫率、叶片失水率、相对含水量、相对电导率、丙二醛含量与其实际抗旱性密切相关,可作为评价园林地被植物抗旱性的有效指标。

Comparative Research on Drought Resistance of 8 Common Garden Ground Cover Plants in South China

The drought resistant capability of 8 common garden ground cover plants in south China were studied based on the water-controlled pot experiment.The effect of drought stress on permanent wilting rate,foliage water-losing rate,relative water content,electric conductivity,soluble sugar,proline and malondialdehyde(MDA) of those plants were measured.Results showed that:(1)The plant having the lower permanent wilting rate and the higher foliage water-losing rate had the stronger drought-resistant capability,such as Schefflera arboricola and Syngonium podophyllum.(2)With drought stress going on,the relative water content of these plants decreased obviously.But the relative electric conductivity and MDA content increased at the different degree.The content of soluble sugar and proline had different tendencies.(3)Based on the comprehensive analysis with subordinate function,the drought resistant capability of woody and herbaceous plants were ranked as:Schefflera arboricola(Hayata) Merr.>Ixora coccinea L.>Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour..Hymenocallis americana(Mill.) Roem.>Tradescantia spathacea Sw ’Compacta’>Syngonium podophyllum Schott.’White Butterfly’>Zephyranthes candida(Lindl.) Herb.>Alternanthera dentata(Moench) Stuchlik ’Ruliginosa’.According to the comprehensive analysis of the drought resistance of these plants,it was indicated that the effective indexes that could reflect the drought resistance of garden ground cover plants were:the permanent wilting rate,foliage water-losing rate,relative water content,electric conductivity and MDA.