水稻花药发育过程中腺苷三磷酸酶的分布

水稻花粉母细胞中的ATP酶反应颗粒很少，主要分布在细胞核中。组成花药药壁的4层细胞中只有绒毡层细胞核中有较多的ATP酶。减数分裂后，绒毡层细胞质中分化出许多内质网片层，但ATP酶反应颗粒仍很少，其它3层药壁细胞中质膜ATP酶明显增加。在花粉内、外壁中形成了大量的ATP酶反应颗粒，但花粉外壁在小孢子时期形成，ATP酶反应颗粒来自绒毡层细胞的鸟氏体。花粉内壁在二胞花粉时期形成，其中的ATP酶反应颗粒来自花粉营养细胞。二胞花粉的营养细胞比生殖细胞含有更多的ATP酶反应颗粒。

The Distribution of ATPase in Developmental Anther of Rice

The distribution of ATPase was studiedusing lead precipitation technique during antherdevelopment in rice. The ATPase reactive precipi-tates (ppts) were located mostly in the nucleus ofmicrospore mother cells (MMC) and only a fewin the cytoplasm (Plate I-1). Anther wall had dif-ferentiated into four layers of cells and a few pre-cipitates were located in the cells except thenucleus of tapetal cells where there were manyATPase reactive precipitates (Plate I-2). Aftermeiosis of MMC, tapetal cells formed many en-doplasmic reticula in its cytoplasm but still con-tained a few ppts. In the cells of epidermis, endot-helium and middle layer, the ppts increased evi-dently in plasma membrane and near cytoplasmthan before (Plate I-5). There were a large numberof ppts located in the pollen wall during pollendevelopment (Plate II-6), suggesting that ATPaseis necessary for the construction of pollen wall.The exine of pollen wall of rice was constructedduring microspore development and consisted ofsporopollenin which came from tapetal cells. Theppts in exine also came from tapetal cell (Plate II-7). The intine of pollen wall was constructed dur-ing the stage of 2-cellular pollen and consisted ofcellulose material coming from vegetative cell ofpollen. The ATPase and ppts in intine came fromvegetative cell of pollen (Plate III-7). Vegetativecell contained more ppts than generative cell dur-ing the development of 2-cellular pollen (Plate III-4, 5). The amount of ppts between two sperm cellsin a pollen grain was also different (Plate IV-3, 4).The physiological functions of ATPase located indifferent cells and different parts in the cells dur-ing anther development of rice were analyzed.