Development of an efficient method for screening microorganisms by using symbiotic association between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nasutitermes takasagoensis</Emphasis> and intestinal microorganisms |
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Authors: | Arata Hayashi Hideki Aoyagi Kazuhiko Kinjyo Tsuyoshi Yoshimura Hideo Tanaka |
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Institution: | (1) Life science and Bioengineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;(2) Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan;(3) Laboratory of Innovative Humanohabitability, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan |
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Abstract: | Screening method of microorganisms that utilized the symbiotic association between insect (Nasutitermes takasagoensis: Nt) and intestinal microorganisms was developed. The existence of desired microorganisms that grew by degrading difficult-to-degrade
materials in the gut was detected using survivability of Nt as an indicator. The desired microorganisms were isolated from
the survived Nt. It was thought that guts of Nt behave as continuous culture systems whereby microorganisms that cannot degrade
diet components are washed out, whereas those that can degrade it are retained and concentrated in the gut. About 60% of Nt
fed with phenol artificial diet (PAD) died within 7 days, while 4% of termites survived for 9 days. The structure of intestinal
microorganisms of the survived Nt fed with PAD differed from the bacterial communities obtained from enrichment culture (which
contained phenol) of wood-feeding Nt. Relatively high colonies (650-times) were detected in the gut of Nt fed on phenol artificial
diet compared with those obtained when Nt was fed on wood. Seven denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) bands were
detected from gut of wood-feeding Nt, whereas 11 DGGE-bands were detected from that of phenol-feeding Nt. Out of 11 DGGE-bands,
5 of them were sequenced, and bacterial species including phenol-degrading bacteria were identified. |
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Keywords: | Screening method Insect Nasutitermes takasagoensis Artificial diet Intestinal microorganisms |
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