镶嵌式防治对抗性演化影响的论证

为了评估镶嵌式防冶对抗性演化的影响，我们以淡色库蚊(Culex pipiens pallens)作为模型昆虫，用抗马拉硫磷(单因子)品系(RM)和抗氰戊菊酯(多因子)品系(RF)构成抗性个体频率均为0.1的一个“什成群体”(M品系)，然后在F₁代分成三个亚品系。Rmf亚品系用马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯作镶嵌式模拟处理，并与单用马拉硫磷(Rm)和氰戊菊酯(Rf)逐代处理的亚品系作比较。处理10代后，Rm和Rmf对马拉硫磷的抗性分别是M晶系的266.4和6.1倍，而Rf和Rmf在处理5代后，对氰戊菊酯；山抗性均已达243.3倍。漠拟结果表明：(1)以杀虫饥理不同的杀虫剂进行镶嵌式防冶，在一定的条件下能延缓抗性的发展；(2)对单因子遗传，内马拉硫磷特别有效，而对多因子遗传的氰戊菊酯效果不佳。此外，还讨论了抗性治理的策略。

EVIDENCE FOR EFFICACY OF MOSAIC CONTROL ON EVOLUTION OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE

For appraising the effect of mosaic control on evolution of insecticide resistance, we simu-late the effect in the laboratory by using a syn thetic population of Culex pipiens pollens as mo-del inseet. A synthetic strain (M) was constituted at the R individual frequency of 0.1 for both malathion and fenvalerate (named RM for monofactorical and RF for polyfactorical, respectively) And then the M strain was divided into three sub-strains at F1. The Rmf sub-strain was treated by mosaic control with malathion and fenvalerats, and compared with Rm and Rf sub-strain which were treated separately with one of the above insecticides. After 10 generations, the resistance of Rm and Rmf to malathion was 266.4- and 6.1-fold, respectively, but the resistance of Rf and Rmf to fenalerate was both more than 243.3-fold only after 5 generations The simulation results showed (1) that mosaic control with unrelated insecticides could retard resistance development in given conditions and (2) that it was extremely effective for monofactorical but little for polygenictraits. The strategies for resistance management are also discussed.