Biomonitoring of Lead and Cadmium in the Hair and Fingernails of Elderly Korean Subjects |
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Authors: | Minjeong Kim Kisok Kim |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Public Health, Keimyung University, 1000 Shindang-dong, Daegu, 704-701, Republic of Korea; |
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Abstract: | Lead and cadmium are toxic to humans at excessive levels, and monitoring the human body burden of these metals is important
in preventing adverse health effects. In this study, we assessed the exposure to lead and cadmium among an elderly population
60 years of age or older. Based on data from 115 participants, we found that the geometric mean lead concentrations in hair
and fingernails were 1.11 μg/g 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–1.58] and 1.11 μg/g (95% CI 0.81–1.51), respectively. The
lead concentrations in hair and fingernails were significantly related to cigarette smoking. The geometric mean cadmium concentrations
in hair and fingernails were 52.6 ng/g (95% CI 42.0–65.9) and 40.1 ng/g (95% CI 29.9–53.9), respectively. Cadmium concentrations
in hair were significantly related to body mass index and cigarette smoking, whereas higher fingernail cadmium concentrations
were related to alcohol drinking. Correlations between hair and fingernail concentrations of lead and of cadmium were slightly
positive. Our findings suggest that the body burden of lead and cadmium varies according to demographic factors, and hair
and fingernails could be used differentially as a biological medium for metal exposure. |
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