The effects of clonal integration on morphological plasticity and placement of daughter ramets in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China;2. The Institute of Environment Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China;3. Forest Ecosystem Management Simulation Group, Department of Forest Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;1. School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Box 454004, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA;2. 200 Navajo, Santa Fe, NM 87505, USA;1. Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;2. Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA;1. Department of Forest Sciences, University of Lavras, UFLA, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil;2. Department of General Biology, Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, University of Montes Claros e UNIMONTES, 39401-089, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil;3. Department of Forest Sciences, University of Lavras e UFLA, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil;1. Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, PR China;2. Division of Life Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA;3. Institute of Forestry Research, Sichuan Academy of Forestry (SAF), Chengdu, Sichuan, 610081, PR China;4. Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305754, South Korea;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;2. Multidisciplinary Platform of Advanced Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 46150 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Department of Geography, Memorial University, 230 Elizabeth Avenue, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3X9, Canada;2. Department of Geography, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada |
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| Abstract: | We studied the field response of Robinia pseudoacacia L. to light, total soil nitrogen, available soil phosphorus and soil pH. Results indicated that there was very strong clonal integration between mother and daughter ramets. Mother ramets can provide nitrogen and phosphorus to daughter ramets sufficient for their continued growth through strong clonal integration, but cannot provide enough photosynthate. With clonal integration, soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability had no effect on biomass allocation to roots, number of ramets and length of connection roots. Biomass allocation to roots increased markedly and responded to nitrogen and phosphorus availability, when the connections were severed. Light had a significant effect on the percent of biomass allocation to leaves and number of ramets, but no effect on the length of connection roots. Daughter ramets allocated more resources to leaves, and clones placed more daughter ramets in high light patches than in low light patches. Soil pH had a significant effect on ramet number and connection root length. Clones concentrated in alkaline patches and escaped from acid patches through selective placement of daughter ramets and changing the length of connection roots. We suggest that the clonal integration may be very strong and provide sufficient soil resources to daughter ramets, then affect the daughter ramets’ morphology and placement, if the size of a specific ramet is significantly larger than the other ramets in an arbor clone. |
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