Genetic and phenotypic variation for flight ability in the cactophilicDrosophila species,D. aldrichi andD. buzzatii |
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Authors: | H Gu and J S F Barker |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Animal Science, University of New England, 2351 Armidale, NSW, Australia;(2) Present address: Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Pest Management, Gehrmann Laboratories, University of Queensland, 4072 Brisbane, QLD, Australia |
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Abstract: | The flight ability ofDrosophila aldrichi (Patterson & Crow) andD. buzzatii (Patterson & Wheeler) using tethered flights, was measured with respect to age-related changes, genetic variation and adult
body size variation induced by rearing at different larval densities.Drosophila buzzatii flew for much longer thanD. aldrichi, especially females, but age-related changes in flight duration were significant only forD. aldrichi. Effects of body size on flight ability were significant inD. buzzatii, but not inD. aldrichi. InD. buzzatii, there was a significant genotype-environment interaction (larval density × line) for flight duration, with short and average
flight duration isofemale lines showing longer flights, but a long flight duration line shorter flights as body size decreased
(i.e., as larval density increased). Heritability estimates for flight duration were similar in the two species, but flight
duration showed no significant genetic correlations with developmental time, body size or wing dimensions (except for one
wing dimension inD. buzzatii). Although not significantly different between the species, heritabilities for life-history traits (adult size and developmental
time) showed contrasting patterns — with higher heritability for body size (body weight and thorax length) inD. buzzatii, and higher for developmental time inD. aldrichi. In agreement with limited previous field evidence,D. buzzatii is better adapted for colonization than isD. aldrichi. |
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Keywords: | dispersal flight duration cactophilic Drosophila age effects body size |
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