广西胡蜂的敌害初步调查

胡蜂Vespidae是重要的捕食性天敌和授粉昆虫,敌害是制约胡蜂种群存活与发育的主要因素之一,弄清胡蜂的敌害种类和危害,可以为下一步防治技术措施的研究提供参考.通过目测法和设监视器等方法对广西胡蜂标准蜂群培育及其野训成为经济蜂群阶段的敌害种类和危害情况进行了初步调查,结果发现,胡蜂的敌害共有33种,其中有害动物19种、有害微生物14种.在标准蜂群野训成为经济蜂群期,对胡蜂危害严重的有害动物为蚂蚁、鸟类、盗虻、蝙蝠及松鼠等,蚂蚁对蜂群的危害最严重、最普遍;在蜂王越冬及标准蜂群培育期,对胡蜂危害严重的病害种类较多,有以色列急性麻痹病毒病、白垩病、欧幼病等,其中危害最严重的是以色列急性麻痹病毒病.14种有害微生物中,有13种病害是蜜蜂群中常见的病害.

Preliminary investigation on the pests and pathogens of hornets in Guangxi

Vespa is an important predatory natural enemy and pollinator. The prey is one of the main factors restricting the survival and development of Vespa. To clarify the types of pests and pathogens of Vespa, we can provide basic data to pests and pathogens for prevention and control. Through observation with naked eyes and monitors, a preliminary investigation was conducted on the pests and pathogens of vespa during the standard raising and field training in Guangxi. The results showed that there were 33 kinds of pests and pathogens of the wasps, of which 19 and 14 were harmful to animals and microorganisms. During the colony in field training period, the major harmful animals for Vespa were ants, birds, bats and squirrels. Ants were the most serious and common damage to the hornet colony. During the period of queens overwintering and colony breeding, there were many kinds of diseases that pose a serious threat to hornets, such as Israeli acute paralysis virus(IAPV) Chalkbrood, European Foubrood, etc. Among them, the deadly threat to hornet was IAPV, and 13 out of 14 microbials were belonged to honey bee pathogens.