濒危植物凹叶厚朴种实特性

凹叶厚朴(Magnolia officinalis subsp.biloba)为中国二级保护植物。本文对该树种不同分布群体的种实性状进行了研究。结果表明:凹叶厚朴结实数量较少,平均结实3.19个;种实特征在不同种群间差异显著,其变异主要来源于单株间及单株内,其中果实性状的方差分量要大于种子性状,表明果实的性状较易受环境的影响;果实性状与郁闭度及土壤养分含量存在显著或极显著的相关性,种子宽与种子质量与海拔呈显著负相关,种子厚度与海拔呈极显著负相关,而与生境及土壤条件相关性并不明显。凹叶厚朴在野生状态下单株结实率低,单果出种率低是其濒危的重要原因之一。

Fruit and seed traits of endangered species Magnolia officinalis subsp, biloba

Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba is an endangered plant in China. This paper studied the fruit and seed traits of different M. officinalis subsp. biloba populations, aimed to understand why this plant species is endangered. M. officinalis subsp. biloba fruited less, with the average number of fruits per plant being 3.19. There were significant differences in the fruit traits among different populations, and the variation mainly came from both among and within the individuals. The mean variance components of fruit characters were higher than those of seed characters, indicating that fruit was easily affected by the environment. The fruit characters had significant correlations with crown density and soil nutrient contents, and the seed characters including diameter, weight, and thickness had negative correlation with altitude but poor correlation with habitat and soil conditions. The low fruiting rate per plant and the low seed production rate per fruit could be the main factors causing the endangering of M. officinalis subsp. biloba.