2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde from Hemidesmus indicus is antagonistic to Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation |
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| Authors: | Arunachalam Kannappan Ravindran Durgadevi Ramanathan Srinivasan Ricardo José Lucas Lagoa Issac Abraham Sybiya Vasantha Packiavathy Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India;2. Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China;3.  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-8900;4. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, PR China;5. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, PR China;6. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-3137;7. School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal;8. Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India;9. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2925-0575 |
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| Abstract: | AbstractStaphylococcus epidermidis (SE) is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that accounts for recalcitrant device-related infections worldwide. Owing to the growing interest in plants and their secondary metabolites targeting bacterial adhesion, this study was intended to uncover the anti-biofilm potential of Hemidesmus indicus and its major constituent 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB) against SE. The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of H. indicus root extract and HMB were found to be 500 and 250?µg ml?1, respectively. The results of time-dependent biofilm inhibition and mature biofilm disruption assays confirmed that HMB targets initial cell adhesion. Furthermore, interference by HMB in the expression of adhesin genes (icaA, aap and bhp) and biofilm components was associated with an increased susceptibility of SE to oxidative stress and antibiotics. To conclude, this study reports for the first time HMB as a potential drug against SE biofilms. |
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| Keywords: | Anti-biofilm Hemidesmus indicus 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-8900;4. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, PR China;5. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, PR China;6.