湖北老河口梨小食心虫成虫发生规律及综合防治效果

【目的】为了寻找湖北省老河口梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta(Busck)的最佳防治时期,推广使用无公害防控技术,减少化学药剂的使用。【方法】分别调查了梨小食心虫在梨园及桃园的发生规律,释放赤眼蜂的生物防治效果,糖醋酒液、三角形诱捕器、黄板的物理防治效果,以及性信息素迷向防治效果。【结果】结果表明,桃园梨小食心虫最佳防治时期在4月中下旬,梨园梨小食心虫最佳防治时期在5月下旬、6月上旬、8月中旬前。防治效果上,释放赤眼蜂生物防治措施、配比为红糖∶白酒∶食用醋:水=3∶1∶3∶80的糖醋酒液诱捕器的物理防治措施、迷向丝及迷向素的迷向措施均有替代化学防治措施的潜力。【结论】综合防治能够有效控制梨园梨小食心虫发生量,减少化学防治频次,为建立稳定的梨园生态系统及生产无公害水果提供了帮助。

Occurrence of adult Grapholita molesta (Busck) and effects of ecological control in Laohekou,Hubei

Objectives] To find the optimum time of year in which to control Grapholita molesta in Laohekou, Hubei, and to promote environmentally-friendly techniques that decrease the use of chemical pesticides for controlling this pest. [Methods] We studied the occurrence of G. molesta in pear and peach orchards, the effects of biological control by releasing Trichogram matids, the effects of physical control with sugar-vinegar-spirit liquid, triangle and yellow sticky traps, and the effects of disrupting mating with sex pheromones. [Results] The optimum control periods were mid- to late April in peach orchards, and late May, early June and mid-August, in pear orchards. The release of trichogramma, sugar-vinegar-spirit liquid traps with a ratio of brown sugar∶vinegar∶white spirits∶water of 31∶3∶80, and the use of sex pheromones to disrupt mating, all have the potential to replace chemical control. [Conclusion] Ecological control can effectively control G. molesta in pear orchards, reduce the frequency of chemical control, and provide a basis for building stable ecosystems and producing environmentally-friendly fruit.