Bioremediation of nitroexplosive wastewater by an yeast isolate <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pichia sydowiorum</Emphasis> MCM Y-3 in fixed film bioreactor |
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Authors: | S P Kanekar P P Kanekar S S Sarnaik N P Gujrathi P N Shede M R Kedargol K F Reardon |
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Institution: | (1) Microbial Sciences Division, Agharkar Research Institute, G.G.Agarkar Road, Pune, 411004, Maharashtra, India;(2) College of Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1370, USA |
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Abstract: | Nitroexplosives are essential for security and defense of the nation and hence their production continues. Their residues
and transformed products, released in the environment are toxic to both terrestrial and aquatic life. This necessitates remediation
of wastewaters containing such hazardous chemicals to reduce threat to human health and environment. Bioremediation technologies
using microorganisms become the present day choice. High Melting Explosive (HMX) is one of the nitroexplosives produced by
nitration of hexamine using ammonium nitrate and acetic anhydride and hence the wastewater bears high concentration of nitrate
and acetate. The present investigation describes potential of a soil isolate of yeast Pichia sydowiorum MCM Y-3, for remediation of HMX wastewater in fixed film bioreactor (FFBR). The flask culture studies showed appreciable growth of
the organism in HMX wastewater under shake culture condition within 5–6 days of incubation at ambient temperature (28 ± 2°C).
The FFBR process operated in both batch and continuous mode, with Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 1 week resulted in 50–55%
removal in nitrate, 70–88% in acetate, 50–66% in COD, and 28–50% in HMX content. Continuous operation of the reactor showed
better removal of nitrate as compared to that in the batch operation, while removal of acetate and COD was comparable in both
the modes of operation of the reactor. Insertion of baffles in the reactor increased efficiency of the reactor. Thus, FFBR
developed with baffles and operated in continuous mode will be beneficial for bioremediation of high nitrate and acetate containing
wastewater using the culture of P. sydowiorum. |
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Keywords: | Bioremediation Pichia sydowiorum Fixed film bioreactor Nitrate Nitroexplosive |
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