木兰属五种珍贵、稀有植物的生态特性分析

本文通过对黄山木兰、天目木兰、宝华玉兰、小花木兰和凹叶厚朴五种珍贵、稀有木兰属植物的野外调查、引种栽培、幼树生长特性的观测以及植物体元素组成和土壤性质的分析，初步总结了它们的地理分布、幼树生长规律、气候和土壤适应性及其生长过程中矿质元素的吸收和循环等。为保护和发展这几种珍贵、稀有植物提供了科学依据。

A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF THE ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE RARE PRECIOUS SPECIES OF MAGNOLIA PLANTS

In this paper, the geographic distribution, growth nature and effects of soil and climate on Magnolia cylindrica, M. zenii, M. amoena, M. sieboldii and M. officinalis subsp, biloba were investigated.The results are summarized as follows: 1. M. zenii, M. cylindrica and M. arnoena are mainly distributed in East-China, usually growing in various broad-leaved forests. M. sieboldii is mainly distributed in North-east China and East-China, usually growing in bush-wood, while M. officinalis subsp, biloba is mainly distributed in East-China, South-China, and South-west China, usually growing in broad-leaved forests. 2.The growth rhythms:(1 ) M. zenii, M. cylindrica and M. denudata enter a rapid growth stage in the 3rd year. (2) A fast growth season of M. zenii, M. cylindrica and M. denudata occurs from May to July, while that of M. sieboldii is from May to June. (3) The growth in height is continuous both during the day and at night. 3. Plentiful precipitation, great humidity in the air and temperate climate are suitable for the growth of M. cylindrica, M. zenii and M. amoena, but M. sieboldii likes to grow in a cool, humid habitat. 4. These species of Magnolia are trees with great adaptability to acidity in soil with pH values of 4.5—7.5, and fertile, deep and humid soils with loose structure are more suitable for them 5.Their resistance to acid precipitation is weaker. 6. They can absorb and accumulate more Si and Ca in their growing process. The amounts of different elements in their leaves show obvious seasonal changes. The cyclic speeds of mineral elements in the growing process of M. zenii, M. cylindrica and M. denudata are similar.