葱鳞葡萄孢菌的异核现象

本文报导了葱鳞葡萄孢菌(Botrytis squamosa)的异核现象。采用荧光染色法证实了该菌的分生孢子和菌丝细胞均是多核的。以该菌的自然形态和生长特征为遗传标记,在193个单孢子培养物中获得了三种菌型:菌核型(S)、菌丝型(M)、界于菌核和菌丝之间的菌核菌丝型(SM)。SM型在形态上与原始菌株相同。S型和M型在连续的传代过程中其特征保持稳定,因而被认为是同核型。SM型在连续传代过程中是不稳定的,且一再分离出S型和M型,因此被认为是异核型。用传代稳定的S型和M型重新合成的异核体在特征上相同于原始菌株和SM型。用这个合成的异核体再次进行单孢子分离,三种菌型重新被获得。三种菌型在致病力方面没有表现出显著的差异。

HETEROKARYOSIS IN BOTRYTIS SQUAMOSA

This paper reports the heterokaryosis in Botrytis squamosa.That both conidia and mycelia are multinucleate have been proved with fluorescence stain.The natural morphological and cultural charaters of the fungus were used as marks in our experiment.Three types were distinguished with 193 single-spored cultures.First type was sclerotial (S) type; Second type was mycelial (M) type,and third type (same as wild type) was intermediate between S and M,refered to as SM.S and M were stable during the continous sub-cultures, hence were considered as the homokaryon.SM was unstable and separated continously out S and M during the subsequent generation,so it was considered as the heterokaryon.S and M were reformed a heterokaryon.Its phenotype was same as that of SM and wild type.Subseque- ntly three types were obtained again from the synthetic heterokaryon in single-spored cultures. No obvious differences were found with three types in pathogenicity.