Environmental and industrial applications of Yarrowia lipolytica |
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Authors: | Ashok V Bankar Ameeta R Kumar and Smita S Zinjarde |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, 411 007, India; |
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Abstract: | Yarrowia lipolytica is a fungus that degrades hydrophobic substrates very efficiently. The fungus displays several important characteristics
that have encouraged researchers to study various basic biological and biotechnological applications in detail. Although the
organism has been used as model system for studying dimorphism, salt tolerance, heterologous protein expression, and lipid
accumulation, there are no recent reviews on the environmental and industrial applications of this organism. Included here
are applications in bioremediation of environments contaminated with aliphatic and aromatic compounds, organic pollutants,
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and metals. A variety of industrially important recent processes for the synthesis of β-hydroxy butyrate,
l-dopa, and emulsifiers have also been reviewed. Production of unique inherent enzymes (inulinases, α-mannosidases), novel
applications of esterases and lipases, and the use of the fungus for heterologous expression of biotechnologically relevant
products have also been highlighted. The review while entailing a general overview focuses critically on some of the recent
advances on the applications of this yeast. The examples cited here demonstrate the use of wild-type, mutant as well as genetically
manipulated strains of Y. lipolytica for the development of different products, processes, and technologies. This also throws light on how a single organism can
be versatile with respect to its metabolic abilities and how it can be exploited for a variety of purposes. This review will
thus form a base for future developments in this field. |
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