Two Delphinium ramosum chemotypes,their biogeographical distribution and potential toxicity |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, São Paulo State University – UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil;2. Agronomic Institute of Campinas, Herbarium IAC, Campinas, SP, Brazil;1. Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt;2. Department of Phytochemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt;3. Department of Chemistry of Tannins, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., P.O. 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt;1. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China;1. Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d''Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP39, F-75005 Paris, France;2. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, CNRS UMR 8079, 91405 Orsay, France;3. CNRS, UMR 0320/UMR 8120, Génétique Quantitative et Evolution—Le Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;1. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China;2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, PR China;1. Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation, and Process Control–COBIK, Solkan, Slovenia;3. Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;4. INRA, UMR 1349 IGEPP, F-35653 Le Rheu, France;5. FN3PT/RD3PT, 75008 Paris, France;6. INRA, UMR 385 BGPI, Campus de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier, France;7. Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;8. Centre of Excellence En-Fist, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia |
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| Abstract: | Larkspurs (Delphinium, Ranunculaceae) are poisonous plants found on rangelands throughout Western North America. Two main structural groups of norditerpene alkaloids, the N-(methylsuccinimido) anthranoyllycoctonine type (MSAL-type) and the non-MSAL type, are responsible for larkspur-induced poisoning. Information on the alkaloid composition is lacking for a number of Delphinium species, including D. ramosum. Delphinium ramosum grows throughout parts of Colorado and northern New Mexico. The objective of this study was to profile the alkaloid composition of D. ramosum throughout its geographical distribution using both field and herbarium specimens. Two alkaloid profiles were identified, one that contained significantly greater concentrations of the MSAL-type alkaloids than the other. Plants containing each respective alkaloid profile were unique in their geographical distribution. Populations of these two chemotypes will likely differ in their toxic potential and consequently pose different risks of poisoning when grazed by livestock species. This information has important implications in grazing management decisions on D. ramosum-infested rangelands and demonstrates that botanical classification alone is not an adequate indicator of relative risk of toxicity. |
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| Keywords: | Toxic plant Norditerpene alkaloids Cattle |
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