Live attenuated HIV as a vaccine for AIDS: pros and cons |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, U.S.A.;2. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A.;3. Department of Newborn Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, U.S.A.;4. Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A.;5. Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA, U.S.A.;1. Center for Integrative Medicine, George Washington University, School of Medicine, 908 New Hampshire Avenue, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20037, USA;2. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, 3333 California Street, Suite 380, Box 1265, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;3. 11686 Wannacut Place, San Diego, CA 92131, USA;4. War Related Illness & Injury Study Center, VA Medical Center, 50 Irving Street Northwest, MS 127, Washington, DC 20422, USA;5. Geriatric Medicine, Virginia Hospital Center, Arlington, VA, USA;1. University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083 Beijing, China;2. University of Science and Technology Liaoning, 114051 Anshan, China |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Anti-HIV-1 vaccines must be safe and effective. In macaques, live attenuated simian immunodeficiency viruses have provided the best protection to date. Similar results were obtained earlier in murine leukemia virus systems in which protection correlated with cellular immunity but not with neutralizing antibodies. Attenuated primate lentiviruses tested thus far have been replication-impaired but may still harbor genetic determinants encoding virulence. Other safety issues concern insertional oncogenesis, genetic instability, vertical transmission and differential pathogenicity in adults and newborns, and viral persistence with possible reactivation during intercurrent illness. Long term safety studies are needed to assess the risks associated with live attenuated retrovirus vaccines. |
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