The coelomic fluid of the sea urchin Tripneustes depressus shows antiviral activity against Suid herpesvirus type 1 (SHV-1) and rabies virus (RV) |
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| Institution: | 1. Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, IMSS, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico;2. Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico;3. Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, México, Distrito Federal, Mexico;1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China;1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikita-machi 4-1-1, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan;2. Laboratory of Integrative Brain Sciences, Department of Biology and Center for Medical Life Science, Waseda University, Wakamatsucho 2-2, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan;1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China;1. School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;2. School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Several studies have reported that molecules extracted from invertebrates have activity against different viruses, even against those that do not infect these organisms in their environment. One of the main mechanisms against pathogens in these organisms is the production of antimicrobial peptides. The objective of this study was to determine whether the coelomic fluid (CF) of the sea urchin Tripneustes depressus has activity against Suid herpesvirus type 1 (SHV-1) and/or rabies virus (RV). We tested the antiviral activity of CF in neutralizing assays and observed 50% inhibition against SHV-1 lytic plaque formation using 33 μg of CF, whereas 21 μg CF was sufficient to obtain more than 90% inhibition for RV. Cytotoxicity to MDBK and BHK-21 cells was found with whole CF yet was eliminated by heating at 56 or 72 °C (even when using 50 μg of heat-inactivated CF supernatant SN or thermostable fraction]), and SN retained the antiviral effect. In both cases, the antiviral effect was direct and thermostable (SN 56 and 72 °C), and the best inhibition was observed when CF + virus was incubated prior to the addition of the cells. Therefore, the coelomic fluid of T. depressus has antiviral activity against SHV-1 and RV that is direct and stable at 72 °C. We suggest that further assays should be performed using more accurate methods to characterize new molecules with antiviral activity that may result in new drugs. |
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| Keywords: | Sea urchin Antiviral effect Suid herpesvirus type 1 Rabies virus |
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