Structure and Genetic Diversity of Natural Populations of Morus alba in the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Region |
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Authors: | Prabodh K. Bajpai Ashish R. Warghat Ram Kumar Sharma Ashish Yadav Anil K. Thakur Ravi B. Srivastava Tsering Stobdan |
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Affiliation: | 1. Defence Institute of High Altitude Research DRDO, Leh Ladakh, 194101, Jammu and Kashmir, India 2. Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India 3. Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Abstract: | Sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers were used to assess the genetic structure in three natural populations of Morus alba from trans-Himalaya. Multilocation sampling was conducted across 14 collection sites. The overall genetic diversity estimates were high: percentage polymorphic loci 89.66%, Nei’s gene diversity 0.2286, and Shannon’s information index 0.2175. At a regional level, partitioning of variability assessed using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), revealed 80% variation within and 20% among collection sites. Pattern appeared in STRUCTURE, BARRIER, and AMOVA, clearly demonstrating gene flow between the Indus and Suru populations and a geographic barrier between the Indus-Suru and Nubra populations, which effectively hinders gene flow. The results showed significant genetic differentiation, population structure, high to restricted gene flow, and high genetic diversity. The assumption that samples collected from the three valleys represent three different populations does not hold true. The fragmentation present in trans-Himalaya was more natural and less anthropogenic. |
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