Effects of plant competition and herbivore density on the development of the turnip root fly (Delia floralis) in an intercropping system |
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Authors: | Maria Björkman Richard J Hopkins Peter A Hambäck Birgitta Rämert |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7043, 750-07 Uppsala, Sweden;(2) Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;(3) Department of Botany, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;(4) Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden |
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Abstract: | In this study, interactive effects of plant competition and herbivory on plant quality and herbivore development were examined
in a greenhouse experiment where cabbage plants Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata (Brassicaceae)] were intercropped with red clover Trifolium pratense L. (Fabaceae)]. Cabbages were grown with two red clover densities and attack rates by the root feeding herbivore the turnip
root fly, Delia floralis Fall. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). Above ground and below ground cabbage biomass was reduced through intercropping and larval
damage. Intercropping also resulted in lower nitrogen and higher carbon root levels compared with levels in the roots of monocultured
cabbage. Furthermore, both root nitrogen and carbon levels increased with herbivory. Root neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and
lignin content increased in response to both increased plant competition and higher egg densities. For lignin, an interaction
effect was observed in the form of elevated levels in intercropped plants subjected to larval damage, while levels in roots
of monocultured cabbage remained unchanged. The quality changes brought about by clover competition affected D. floralis development negatively, which resulted in reduced pupal weight. In addition, increased egg density also decreased larval
growth. The effects on the development of D. floralis in relation to host plant quality are discussed.
Handling editor: Gimme Walter |
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Keywords: | Host-plant quality Cabbage Brassica Root herbivory Induced response NDF Lignin |
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