不同地理种群烟蚜形态特征差异分析

烟蚜Myzus persicae是一种世界性的重要农业害虫。为探讨我国不同地理种群烟蚜形态特征变异情况， 本研究测量了我国18个地理种群烟蚜的体长、 体宽、 头宽、 各足腿节长、 各足胫节长等18个形态性状度量特征和Q值， 并进行方差分析和基于欧氏距离与地理距离和海拔差距的Mantel Test， 利用各形态特征与体长的比值构成的比例特征进行系统聚类和主成分分析。结果表明： 部分地理种群烟蚜的形态性状差异显著。系统聚类和主成分分析表明， 18个烟蚜地理种群中贵州贞丰种群（ZF-GZ）与其他种群相比差异最大， 陕西南泥湾（NNW-SX）、 湖南慈利（CL-HN）、 安徽谯城（QC-AH）和重庆武隆（WL-CQ）种群差异最小， 其他种群间的差异程度介于这两者之间。Mantel Test显示欧氏距离与地理距离、 海拔高度差距都不具有相关性。烟蚜种群的形态分化不符合地理隔离模式， 地理气候条件对种群形态有一定影响， 种群形态差异的形成是多种因素综合作用的结果， 但具体作用机制尚不明确。

Morphological variations of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) from different geographical populations in China

The tobacco aphid, Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important pest on cultivated crops worldwide. In order to evaluate the morphological variations of M. persicae populations from eighteen geographical areas in China, such morphological characters as body length, body width and femur length, and Q value of M. persicae were measured and analyzed using ANOVA and Mantel test based on the relationship between the Euclidean distance and the geographical distance or altitude. The ratios of every morphological character to body length were used to carry out hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that there were significant differences in morphometrics among certain geographical populations. The results of HCA and PCA indicated that among the 18 geographical populations, the biggest difference existed between the population from Zhenfeng of Guizhou province and other populations, while the least differences were observed among the populations from Nanniwan of Shaanxi province, Cili of Hunan province, Qiaocheng of Anhui province and Wulong of Chongqing city; the differences among the other populations were between the both. The Mantel Test revealed that there was no significant correlation between the Euclidean distance and the geographical distance or altitude. The morphological differentiation of M. persicae is not in conformity with the geographical isolation mode. Geographical and climatic conditions have influences on the morphological variations of M. persicae populations, which are caused by many factors. The specific mechanisms of morphological differentiation, however, are not clear.