Combining supercritical fluid extraction of soil herbicides with enzyme immunoassay analysis |
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Authors: | Professor G Kim Stearman |
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Institution: | (1) Center for the Management, Utilization and Protection of Water Resources, Tennessee Technological University, Box 5033, 38505-0001 Cookeville, TN |
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Abstract: | Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of soil herbicides followed by enzyme immunoassay analysis (EIA) is explained in a step-by-step
process. Extracted herbicides, include 2,4-D, simazine, atrazine, and alachlor. The herbicide, trifluralin was not successfully
analyzed by EIA because of crossreacting metabolites. Problems with SFE, including uneven packing of cells, leaks, uneven
flow and clogging, can largely be eliminated as the method parameters are optimized. It was necessary to add modifiers including
methanol or acetone to the SF CO2 to increase the solubility of the analytes. Detection limits of 2.5 ng/g soil for atrazine and alachlor and 15 ng/g soil
for simazine and 2,4-D without concentration of the sample were achieved. Recoveries above 80% and relative standard deviations
(RSDs) less than 15% for 2,4-D simazine, atrazine and alachlor were achieved. Atrazine and alachlor recoveries were above
90% with RSDs below 10%. Forty soil samples could be extracted and analyzed in an 8-h day. |
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Keywords: | Supercritical fluid extraction enzyme immunoassay analysis soil herbicides |
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