马铃薯未传粉子房离体培养诱导双单倍体植株

以MS为基本培养基,附加不同水平的生长素,培养未传粉马铃薯子房,经三年试验,从两个品种中获得了双单倍体的绿色小植株,(2n=2x=24);从分化绿苗力很强的球状愈伤组织中,又不断地分化出许多绿色小植株。绝大多数品种,都可以诱导出愈伤组织,一般诱导率为70％左右。品种的基因型和培养基中的生长素种类与水平在愈伤组织分化绿苗中起着重要作用。通过扦插和试管微型薯培养,可以大量繁殖试管苗,这为马铃薯单倍体育种提供了较有利的条件。

Induction of Dihaploid Plants from Unpollinated Ovaries of Potato in vitro

The in vitro culture of unpollinated ovaries is a new approach for obtaining dihaploids in potato and is of theoretical and practical significance.We have achieved success i?the induction of dihaploid plantlets from unpollinated ovaries of potato and the preliminary result was reported in 1984.Here we will report the overall results in detail.Calluses and dihaploid plantlets were obtained from the in vitro culture of unpollinated ovaries of two autoteraploid genotypes.The ovaries were excised when the neighbouring anthers contained pollen at the uninucleate stage and then they were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different hormones and sucrose.It was found that the most suitable induction medium was MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 2.0 mg/l,zeation 0.1 mg/l and sucrose 3%.The most suitable differentiation medium was 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 0.5 mg/l,kin 2 mg/l,BAP 2 mg/l,GA 0.5 mg/l,zeation 0.2 mg/l and scrose 2%.Two genotypes used in our experiment were able to produce calli but the 26 green plants regenrated were derived from only two genotypes.It appeared that the plantlet differentiation from callus depended more on genotype than on composition of the media.