中国黑腹果蝇中分离变相因子[Segregation Distorter(SD)]的初步研究

黑腹果蝇（Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ ｍｅｌａｎｏｇａｓｔｅｒ）中的分离变相因子「Ｓｅｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎ Ｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｅｒ（ＳＤ）」是一种非常典型的具有减数分裂驱动性质的特殊遗传因子，ＳＤ在世界不同地区的黑腹果蝇群体中广泛存在，通过杂交的方法测得其频率在１％－５％范围之内。首次在中国北京，青岛采集大量野生黑腹果蝇样本，对ＳＤ进行频率测定，发现ＳＤ在中国野生黑腹果蝇群体中也广泛存在，且频率与世界其他地区

The Frequency Distribution and Establishment of Fruit Fly Strain of Segregation Distorter in Drosophila melanogaster in China

Segregation Distorter (SD) is a meiotic drive system of natural occurrence. Heterozygous SD/SD males transmit the SD chromosome in vast excess over the normal homolog. SD chromosomes have been recovered at low frequency (1%~ 5%) from almost every population that has been screened for them in many places of the world. TO examine whether there is SD system in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in China, we surveyed a few populations of D. melanogaster in Beijing and Qingdao respectively. The results suggested that SD is also found in every population examined at frequency of 1%-5%. On the basis of learning distribution of SD in China, we established a fruit fly stoch of SD from wild population of D. melanogaster in Beianhe district of Beijing. Furthermore, instead of using traditional genetic hybridization, we used molecular approach, PCR, to examine the distribution of SD chromosomes, which has been proved a very effective, quick and convenient method.