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Cell sex determines anoikis resistance in vascular smooth muscle cells |
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| Authors: | Elisabetta Straface Rosa Vona Barbara Ascione Paola Bulzomi Rita Coinu Giuseppe Rosano Flavia Franconi |
| Affiliation: | a Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Section of Cell Aging and Degeneration, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy b Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, Rome, Italy c University of Sassari-INBB Osilo-Sassari, Department of Pharmacology, Via Muroni 23a, Sassari, Italy d Department of Pharmacology and Center for Biotechnology Development and Biodiversity Research, University of Sassari, Italy e IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy |
| Abstract: | Sexual dimorphism, detectable in vascular smooth muscle cells freshly isolated from aorta of male and female rats, is associated with a different susceptibility to radiation-induced apoptosis. In this work we investigated the mechanism underlying this difference and discovered that, in comparison with cells from male rats, cells from female rats show adhesion-associated resistance to apoptosis, the so called anoikis resistance. This is apparently due to a more adhering phenotype, characterized by a well organized actin microfilament cytoskeleton and to an increased phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, and, more importantly, to a higher propensity to undergo survival by autophagy. |
| Keywords: | ROS, reactive oxygen species VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells MVSMC, male-derived vascular smooth muscle cells FVSMC, female-derived vascular smooth muscle cells 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal FAK, focal adhesion kinase p-FAK, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase SEM, scanning electron microscopy UVB, ultraviolet B radiation E2, estradiol ERs, estrogen receptors AR, androgen receptors |
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