骨科下肢大手术后深静脉血栓形成的预防及护理

目的:探讨骨科下肢大手术后深静脉血栓形成的预防及护理措施。方法:对98例骨科下肢大手术患者,术前做好高危患者的评估及健康宣教,并指导患者术前进行适应性功能锻炼,同时做好心理护理。术后详细了解术中情况,保持引流通畅,保护下肢静脉,做好基本预防和机械预防,密切观察有无DVT或PTE表现。结果:94例患者顺利康复,有效率达95.9%;只有3例并发DVT,1例并发PTE,经治疗均顺利康复。结论:通过科学的预防和护理,骨科下肢大手术患者深静脉血栓的并发率大为减少。

Prevention and Nursing Care for the Deep Venous Thrombosis after Major Operation of Lower extremities

Objective: To investigate the measures of the Prevention and nursing care for the decreasing of deep venous thrombo- sis in patients with a major operation of lower extremities. Methods: 98 patients with major operation of lower extremities, evaluation and health instructions for the high risk patients were carried out, and the guides were given to the patients to do preadaptation functional ex- ercises and mental nursing guides were performed before operation. After operation, we inquired about the information about the opera- tion in detail, keep the flow of drainage from the wound,protected veins of lower extremity, and improved the basic prevention and physi- cal prevention, and then observe whether the DVT or PTE was appeared. Results: Among them, 94 patients were cured, and the effective rate reached to 95.9 %; 3 developed DVT, and 1 developed PTE, but they all recovered after reasonable treatment at last. Conclusion: The incidence rate of deep venous thrombosis in patients with a major operation of lower extremities can be reduced obviously by scien- tific prevention and nursing care.