基于土地利用变化的东海区大陆海岸带生境质量时空演变研究

人类活动对生态环境的影响主要表现为土地利用方式的变化。土地利用变化影响下的生境质量时空格局演变，对优化区域国土生态布局具有重要意义。利用DEM数据、气象数据、社会经济数据与1980、1990、2000、2010、2018年5期土地利用数据，通过InVEST模型、景观格局指数、地理探测器评估、描述、分析东海区大陆海岸带生境质量时空演变特征。结果表明：(1)1980—2018年东海区大陆海岸带陆地面积增加，土地利用中林地所占比重最大，耕地、建设用地面积变化最明显，2000—2010年土地利用转化最显著。土地变化北部大于南部、东侧大于西侧。(2)1980—2018年生境质量均值为0.75,总体生境质量较好，但呈下降趋势，2000—2010年生境质量下降最明显，2010年后下降速度减缓。生境质量斑块趋于破碎化、多样化、均匀化。(3)生境质量总体上从沿海向内陆下降，受岸线性质与围垦影响，北部生境质量由陆向海退化，南部生境退化沿海向陆推进。低等生境质量区呈现点—面—带的扩张趋势。(4)建设用地指数、高程、夜间灯光亮度、土壤类型、坡度为影响生境质量分布的主要因素，38年间主导因素由高程变为建设用地指...

Spatio-temporal evolution of habitat quality in the East China Sea continental coastal zone based on land use changes

The impact of human activities on the ecological environment is mainly manifested in the change of land use patterns. The spatio-temporal pattern evolution of habitat quality under the influence of land use changes is of great significance to optimize the regional land ecological layout. Using DEM data, meteorological data, socio-economic data and land use data in 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2018, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of habitat quality in the continental coastal zone of the East China Sea were evaluated, described and analyzed through InVEST model, landscape pattern index, and the geographical detector. The results indicate that:(1) the land area of the East China Sea continental coastal zone increased from 1980 to 2018. The forest land accounted for the largest proportion of land use, while the area of farmland and built-up land had the most obvious change. The most prominent land use conversion was in 2000-2010. The land use change in the northern was greater than that in the southern and the eastern was greater than that in the western. (2) The average value of habitat quality from 1980 to 2018 was 0.75, and the overall habitat quality was relatively good, but it showed a downward trend. The decline of habitat quality was the most obvious from 2000 to 2010, and the decline rate slowed down after 2010. Habitat quality patches tend to be fragmented, diversified and uniform. (3) Habitat quality generally declined from the coast to the inland. Affected by shoreline nature and reclamation, the habitat quality in the northern degraded from land to sea, and in the southern degraded from coast to land. Areas with low habitat quality presented a point-surface-zone expansion trend. (4) Bulid-up land index, elevation, night light index, soil type and slope were the main factors affecting habitat quality distribution, and the dominant factors changed from elevation to bulid-up index in 38 years. The natural factors determined the cascade distribution pattern of the habitat quality, and the location and intensity of human activities promoted the evolution of habitat quality.