人工辅助投食对滇金丝猴肠道微生物群落的影响

【背景】肠道菌群与宿主的消化吸收、免疫抵抗和行为等息息相关，并受宿主的饮食、生活环境等因素影响。【目的】人工辅助投食能增加野生动物的营养摄入，但对其肠道菌群影响的研究较少。【方法】以云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区内的野生和人工辅助投食滇金丝猴群的新鲜粪便为材料，通过高通量测序探究人工辅助投食对猴群肠道菌群的影响。【结果】人工辅助投食的猴群肠道菌群丰富度、均匀度及谱系多样性更高，并且个体间群落组成差异更小。通过多级物种差异判别分析(linear discriminant analysis effect size, LEfSe)分析发现，人工辅助投食对20种不同分类水平的细菌相对丰度有影响，包括提升了厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)等8种类群的相对丰度，降低了变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)等12种类群的相对丰度。通过构建微生物相关网络发现，野生猴群肠道菌群网络结构更加复杂，鲁棒性更高。京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)功能预测结果表明，人工辅助投食降低了猴群肠...

Effect of food-provisioning on gut microbial community of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys

Background] Gut flora influences the nutrient digestion and absorption, immunity, and behavior of the host and is impacted by the diet, living environment, and other factors of the host. Objective] Food-provisioning can improve the nutrition in wild animals, but a few reports on the impact on gut flora are available. Methods] Through high-throughput sequencing of the fresh feces of wild and food-provisioned snub-nosed monkeys in the Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve in Yunnan, we explored the effect of food-provisioning on gut flora of the monkeys. Results] Food-provisioning significantly increased the richness, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity of the gut flora and reduced the variance of community composition among monkey individuals. linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that food-provisioning significantly changed the relative abundance of 20 bacterial taxa. To be specific, it increased the abundance of 8 taxa, such as Firmicutes, and decreased the abundance of 12 taxa, including Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The correlation network analysis revealed that wild monkey group had more complex and robust microbial correlation network. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) functional prediction found that food-provisioning mainly reduced the degradation ability as it added highly degradable nutrients. Conclusion] Food-provisioning influences multiple aspects of gut flora of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys, particularly the biodiversity, community composition, and correlation network.