Integrated product formation and recovery.

As continues to be demonstrated, the in situ recovery of selected products froma bioreactor can have a significant positive impact on production. The strategies that are focused on here are: aqueous two-phase biocatalysis; non-aqueous biocatalysis; and membrane-enhanced biocatalysis. Additional fundamental understanding of molecular partitioning and biocatalytic activity in these environments will facilitate the rational selection of the components involved in these processing strategies.