Production and characterization of a glycolipid biosurfactant from Bacillus megaterium using economically cheaper sources |
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Authors: | R Thavasi S Jayalakshmi T Balasubramanian Ibrahim M Banat |
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Institution: | (1) CAS in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India;(2) School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK |
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Abstract: | Criteria selected for screening of biosurfactant production by Bacillus megaterium were hemolytic assay, bacterial cell hydrophobicity and the drop-collapse test. The data on hemolytic activity, bacterial
cell adherence with crude oil and the drop-collapse test confirmed the biosurfactant-producing ability of the strain. Accordingly,
the strain was cultured at different temperatures, pH values, salinity and substrate (crude oil) concentration in mineral
salt medium to establish the optimum culture conditions, and it was shown that 38°C, 2.0% of substrate concentration, pH 8.0
and 30‰ of salt concentration were optimal for maximum growth and biosurfactant production. Laboratory scale biosurfactant
production in a fermentor was done with crude oil and cheaper carbon sources like waste motor lubricant oil and peanut oil
cake, and the highest biosurfactant production was found with peanut oil cake. Characterization of partially purified biosurfactant
inferred that it was a glycolipid with emulsification potential of waste motor lubricant oil, crude oil, peanut oil, diesel,
kerosene, naphthalene, anthracene and xylene. |
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Keywords: | Biosurfactants Emulsification Biodegradation Crude oil Waste lubricant oil Peanut oil |
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