Low 2D:4D Values Are Associated with Video Game Addiction |
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| Authors: | Johannes Kornhuber Eva-Maria Zenses Bernd Lenz Christina Stoessel Polyxeni Bouna-Pyrrou Florian Rehbein S?ren Kliem Thomas M??le |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.; 2. Criminological Research Institute of Lower Saxony, Hanover, Germany.; Middlesex University London, United Kingdom, |
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| Abstract: | Androgen-dependent signaling regulates the growth of the fingers on the human hand during embryogenesis. A higher androgen load results in lower 2D:4D (second digit to fourth digit) ratio values. Prenatal androgen exposure also impacts brain development. 2D:4D values are usually lower in males and are viewed as a proxy of male brain organization. Here, we quantified video gaming behavior in young males. We found lower mean 2D:4D values in subjects who were classified according to the CSAS-II as having at-risk/addicted behavior (n = 27) compared with individuals with unproblematic video gaming behavior (n = 27). Thus, prenatal androgen exposure and a hyper-male brain organization, as represented by low 2D:4D values, are associated with problematic video gaming behavior. These results may be used to improve the diagnosis, prediction, and prevention of video game addiction. |
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