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Glycolytic enzymes localize to ribonucleoprotein granules in Drosophila germ cells,bind Tudor and protect from transposable elements
Authors:T Michael Creed  Shikui Tu  Sudan N Loganathan  Christina A Jackson  Patrick McCluskey  Yanyan Lin  Scott E Collier  Zhiping Weng  Paul Lasko  Melanie D Ohi  Alexey L Arkov
Affiliation:1. Department of Biological Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA;2. Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA;3. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA;4. Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
Abstract:Germ cells give rise to all cell lineages in the next‐generation and are responsible for the continuity of life. In a variety of organisms, germ cells and stem cells contain large ribonucleoprotein granules. Although these particles were discovered more than 100 years ago, their assembly and functions are not well understood. Here we report that glycolytic enzymes are components of these granules in Drosophila germ cells and both their mRNAs and the enzymes themselves are enriched in germ cells. We show that these enzymes are specifically required for germ cell development and that they protect their genomes from transposable elements, providing the first link between metabolism and transposon silencing. We further demonstrate that in the granules, glycolytic enzymes associate with the evolutionarily conserved Tudor protein. Our biochemical and single‐particle EM structural analyses of purified Tudor show a flexible molecule and suggest a mechanism for the recruitment of glycolytic enzymes to the granules. Our data indicate that germ cells, similarly to stem cells and tumor cells, might prefer to produce energy through the glycolytic pathway, thus linking a particular metabolism to pluripotency.
Keywords:germ cells  glycolysis  stem cells  transposable elements  Tudor domain
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