光肩星天牛与星天牛种间竞争行为研究

光肩星天牛Anoplophora glabripennis和星天牛Anoplophora chinensis是我国两种重要的林业蛀干害虫，存在很多共同的寄主植物。为了阐明两种星天牛之间的物种竞争关系，本文采用行为观察试验，研究两种星天牛寄主危害部位、异种危害寄主识别和种间争斗行为等试验。结果显示，光肩星天牛和星天牛在寄主植物上的取食危害部位有很大差异，光肩星天牛主要取食寄主植物的枝条上部，取食面积为2 390.0 mm^2，占整个寄主植物取食面积的69.3%，星天牛主要取食寄主植物的树干上部，取食面积为3 140.0 mm^2，占整个寄主植物的96.6%；两种星天牛都能识别异种天牛危害过的寄主，对其具有显著的回避性，其中光肩星天牛对星天牛危害过的寄主取食量平均值为420.8 mm^2，显著低于健康寄主取食量平均值2 518.8 mm^2，同样，星天牛对光肩星天牛危害过的寄主取食量平均值为436.8 mm^2，显著低于健康寄主取食量平均值1 803.5 mm^2，而对同种天牛危害过的寄主没有显著的选择性；两种星天牛之间争斗共发生34次，其中星天牛获胜30次，表现出更强的竞争力。两种星天牛之间存在显著的种间竞争关系，并且能够识别对方物种的存在，其对寄主的感受机制和植物免疫反应机制需要进一步的试验研究。

Study on the interspecific competition behaviors between Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis

Anoplophora glabripennis and Anoplophora chinensis are major forestry pests in our country, and there are many common host plants. In order to clarify the species competition relationship between them, this article used behavioral observation experiment to study hazard parts, feeding and mating day rhythms, identification of heterogeneous hazard hosts, and fighting behavior of two species of longhorn beetles. The results showed that there was a big difference between the harmful parts of A. chinensis and A. glabripennis on the host plant. A. glabripennis mainly damaged the upper part of branches on the host, and A. chinensis mainly damaged the upper part of trunk on the host. Both species of longhorn beetles could identify the hosts endangered by different species of longhorn beetles and had significant avoidance. Among them, the average food intake of A. glabripennis on the host endangered by A. chinensis was 420.8 mm^2, significantly lower than the average food intake on healthy host of 2 518.8 mm^2. The same phenomenon, the average food intake of A. chinensis on the hosts endangered by A. glabripennis was 436.8 mm^2, significantly lower than the average food intake of healthy hosts of 1 803.5 mm^2. However, there was no significant selectivity to the host endangered by the same species of longhorn beetle. There were 34 battles between the two species of longhorn beetles, of which A. chinensis won 30 times, showing stronger competitiveness. There was a significant inter-species competition between the two species of longhorn beetles, and they could recognize the existence of each other''s species. Their host perception mechanism and plant immune response mechanism required further experimental research.