In vitro embryo production (IVEP) in camelids: Present status and future perspectives |
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| Authors: | Nisar Ahmad Wani |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Molecular Biology & IVF Unit, University of Saarland, Germany;2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt;1. Department of Anatomy and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland;2. Neurocentrum, Karolinska University Hospital, Neurologmottagningen, 171 76, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden;3. Oranta Cancer Diagnostics AB, Norrens väg 73, 752 63, Uppsala, Sweden;4. College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Building H12, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar;1. Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic;2. R?esearch Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, 951 41 Lu?ianky, Slovak Republic;3. Selye Janos University, 945 01 Komárno, Slovak Republic;4. Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic;1. Department of Psychology, Franciscan University of Steubenville, 1235 University Blvd, Steubenville, OH, 43952, USA;2. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, Saint Louis University, 6420 Clayton Rd, Ste 240, St. Louis, MO, 63117, USA;3. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), 6431 Fannin, Suite MSB3.262 Houston, TX 77030, USA;1. Department of Physical Therapy for Women’s Health, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt;2. Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt;3. Department of Physical Therapy for Women’s Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt;4. Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | Camels are a fundamental livestock resource with a significant role in the agricultural economy of dry regions of Asia and Africa. Similarly, llamas and alpacas are an indigenous resource considered as beasts of burden in South America because of their surefootedness and ability to adapt. Camel racing, a highly lucrative and well-organized sport, camel beauty contests, and high demand for camel milk lead to a steady interest in the multiplication of elite animals by in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in this species during the last few decades. Although offspring have been produced from in vitro produced embryos, the technique is still not that well developed compared with other domestic animal species such as cattle. IVEP involves many steps, including the collection of oocytes from either slaughterhouse ovaries or live animals through ultrasound-guided transvaginal aspiration; in vitro maturation of these collected oocytes; collection and preparation of semen for fertilization; culture and passaging of cells for nuclear transfer, chemical activation of the reconstructed embryos, and in vitro culture of embryos up to the blastocyst stage for transfer into synchronized recipients to carry them to term. This review discusses the present status of all these steps involved in the IVEP of camelids and their future perspectives. |
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| Keywords: | Camelids In vitro embryo production Assisted reproductive technologies Present status Review |
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