以黑丝羽乌骨鸡为供体制作家鸡嵌合体的研究

以黑丝羽乌骨鸡（BS）为供体，自来航鸡（WL）为受体，进行了BCs嵌合体制作技术研究。结果表明：（1）“黑羽”对“白羽”、“丝羽”对“片羽”为完全隐性，可以在供体与嵌合体测交中，后代是否出现这些特征作为种系嵌合体判断依据。（2）供体的其它表型，对受体属于完全或不完全显性，可以作为体细胞嵌合体判断依据。（3）通过改进嵌合体制作技术，嵌合体雏鸡的出壳率为40％（29／73），其中据羽色判断的嵌合体率为18％（13／73）；以黑羽为依据选择体细胞嵌合体雏鸡，10只饲养至720d，其中60％（6／10）的嵌合体外观基本不变（其余的换羽后褪去黑羽）；嵌合体鸡与供体测交，以黑羽、灰羽和丝羽判断，8只嵌合体鸡的种系传递率分别为2．5％-71．4％、5．5％～14．3％以及1．7％～10．5％。首次利用BS鸡资源，建立了多表现型嵌合体模型，为家鸡嵌合体技术深入研究提供了方便的检测方法。

Producing of Multi-Phenotypic BCs Chimeric Chickens Using Black Silkies

Hybridizations were made between Black Silkies （BS） and White Leghorn （ WL）, and the feather character of ＂white to black＂ as well as the ＂sheet to silky＂ were found homozygous recessive. The muhi-phenotypic BCs （blasto- dermal cells） chimeric model was made using the BS as donor and the WL as receptor. The hatehability was 40 % （29/ 73）, and the ratio of ehimerism was 18 % （13/73）. Chimeras were selected according to the black feather and ten （7 roosters and 3 hens） of them were bred for about 720 d. As developing 60 % （6/10） chimeras kept their phenotype at the beginning, but the black feather of four roosters disappeared after the feather changing. When crossed with donors, the rate of germline transferring of eight chimeras was 2.5 % -71.4 % , 5.5 % - 14.3 % and 1.7 % - 10.5 % de- cided by black feather, gray feather and silky feather respectively, and the other two chimeras （ No. 5 and No. 9 ） were not germline. Based on the special BS chicken in China chimeric model of muhi-phenotye was got and it must be better than traditional one to study the chicken chimeras.