Mesenchymal stem cells derived from different origins have unique sensitivities to different chemotherapeutic agents

BMSCs (bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells) and ADSCs (adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells) are virtually identical in cell surface marker profile and differentiation potential. These cell populations have promising characteristics for clinical application. We have investigated the sensitivity of these cell populations to various chemotherapeutic agents by testing the inhibition of cell proliferation, low molecular DNA bands formation, in situ apoptosis, apoptosis‐related gene expression and cell senescence after treatment. BU (busulfan), methotrexate and doxorubicin treatment led to a marked and dose‐dependent reduction in cell viability compared with 5‐FU (5‐fluorouracil) treatment. Different expression patterns of apoptosis‐related genes were found in the BMSCs and ADSCs following treatment with the agents, but no low molecular mass DNA bands were detected. BMSCs had a higher percentage of apoptotic and senescent cells following treatment with chemotherapeutic agents compared with ADSCs. These findings suggest that these two cell populations respond differently to chemotherapy treatment. ADSCs are more resistant than BMSCs to chemotherapy‐induced senescence and apoptosis, indicating that they might be more advantageous to use in the clinic than BMSCs.