Population genomics and speciation |
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Authors: | Roger K Butlin |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK |
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Abstract: | The process of speciation begins with genomically-localised barriers to gene exchange associated with loci for local adaptation,
intrinsic incompatibility or assortative mating. The barrier then spreads until reproductive isolation influences the whole
genome. The population genomics approach can be used to identify regions of reduced gene flow by detecting loci with greater
differentiation than expected from the average across many loci. Recently, this approach has been used in several systems.
I review these studies, concentrating on the robustness of the approach and the methods available to go beyond the simple
identification of differentiated markers. Population genomics has already contributed significantly to understanding the balance
between gene flow and selection during the evolution of reproductive isolation and has great future potential both in genome
species and in non-model organisms. |
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