Influence of isolation technique of half-anthers and of initiation culture medium on callus induction and regeneration in Anthurium andreanum |
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Authors: | Budi Winarto Jaime A Teixeira da Silva |
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Institution: | 1. Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI), Jln. Raya Ciherang, Pacet-Cianjur, 43253, West Java, Indonesia 2. Faculty of Agriculture and Graduate School, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan
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Abstract: | Optimization of the isolation technique and initiation culture medium are two critical aspects that can determine the success of anthurium half-anther culture. Both aspects in half-anther culture of Anthurium andreanum Linden ex André cv. ??Tropical?? were studied and successfully improved. Untreated half-anthers, when cultured abaxial side down on medium, was the most suitable means of inducing callus. Callus formation was further improved by culturing half-anthers adaxial side down on Winarto-Teixeira (WT) medium (Winarto et al. in Plant Growth Regul 65:513?C529, 2011b) supplemented with 0.01?mg/l ??-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 1.0?mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5?mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ). Gelrite enhanced callus formation (compared to agar) when the concentration was reduced from 2.0 to 1.5?g/l on WT medium. Application of 0.5?mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) in WT medium increased callus formation. Most callus formed when half-anthers were cultured adaxial-side down on WT medium supplemented with 0.5?mg/l 2,4-D in combination with 0.01?mg/l NAA, 1.0?mg/l BA and 0.5?mg/l TDZ using 1.5?g/l Gelrite. This ideal medium induced the growth of half-anthers, with as much as 38?% of half-anthers producing callus, or, on average, 3.4 half-anthers/treatment. Callus derived from this optimized protocol regenerated easily and could be multiplied on New Winarto-Teixeira medium (NWT) (Winarto et al. in Plant Growth Regul 65:513?C529, 2011b) containing 0.25?mg/l 2,4-D, 0.02?mg/l NAA, 0.75?mg/l BA, 1.5?mg/l TDZ and 2.0?g/l Gelrite. Shoots rooted well on hormone-free NWT medium with 2.0?g/l Gelrite. The plantlets could be easily acclimatized in a substrate of raw rice husk, burned-rice husk and organic manure (1:1:1, v/v/v) with a high survival (100?%) ex vitro in a greenhouse. The results of this study would benefit half-anther culture of other Anthurium cultivars, particularly at the initial stage of callus induction. |
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