粗柄独尾草不同器官蒽醌类成分的消长规律

采用高效液相色谱法对沙生类短命植物粗柄独尾草苗期、营养生长期、初花期、盛花期、果期各器官中大黄素、大黄酚、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素含量的消长规律进行了研究。结果表明:叶中,芦荟大黄素的含量在苗期和初花期都较高,在盛花期时最低;大黄酸的含量在苗期最高,盛花期时最低;大黄素的含量在苗期达到最高,初花期和盛花期最低;大黄酚的含量也以苗期最高,盛花期和果期最低。且在初花期时,4种蒽醌类物质含量均呈现明显的叶先端>叶中部>叶基部的空间差异性。根中,芦荟大黄素的含量在苗期和营养生长期较高,而以盛花期和果期较低;大黄酸的含量在果期最高,其余时期差异不显著;大黄素的含量以苗期和初花期较高;大黄酚的含量在果期达最高,而盛花期时最低。同时期的根叶蒽醌含量相比,叶中的芦荟大黄素要高于根,而根中大黄酚含量要高于叶。同时期各器官蒽醌总量相比:叶>根>花>花葶。故若选取粗柄独尾草作为蒽醌类药材利用,建议最佳采集方式为采集初花期的叶先端部分。

Temporal variation in content of four anthraquinones in desert ephemeroid plant Eremurus inderiensis

Temporal variation in content of aloe-emodin,emodin,rhein and chrysophanol in desert ephemeroid plant Eremurus inderiensis was detected by HPLC method.Results showed that:as far as leaf was concerned,content of aloe-emodin in seedling and initial flowering periods was higher than that in profuse flowering period;content of emodin in seedling period was much higher than that in profuse flowering period;and the highest content of chrysophanol was in seedling period,but the lowest was in profuse flowering and fruit periods.In initial flowering period,the content of four anthraquinones in upper part of leaf was significantly higher than that in middle part,and that in lower part was the lowest one.As far as root was concerned,the content of aloe-emodin was much higher in seedling and vegetative growth periods than that in profuse flowering and fruit periods;rhein reached the highest content in fruit period;content of emodin was the highest in seedling and initial flowering periods but content of chrysophanol was the highest in fruit period.Among different organs,the content of total anthraquinones in leaf was the highest,that in scape was the lowest,and the content of total anthraquinones in root was higher than that in flower.So the optimal timing for collection of E.inderiensis is initial flowering period,and the optimal organ for collection is the upper part of leaf.