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Roots of the xerophyte Panicum turgidum host a cohort of ionizing-radiation-resistant biotechnologically-valuable bacteria
Authors:Sihem Guesmi,Afef Najjari,Petar Pujic,Kais Ghedira,Rania Ouertani,Marwa Jabberi,Ameur Cherif,Philippe Normand,Haï  tham Sghaier
Affiliation:1. National Agronomy Institute of Tunisia (INAT), Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis, Mahrajène, Tunisia;2. Laboratory ″Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences″ (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark 2020, Tunisia;3. Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia;4. Université de Lyon, F-69622, Lyon; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne; CNRS, UMR5557, Ecologie Microbienne, Villeurbanne; INRA, UMR1418, Villeurbanne, France;5. Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics – LR16IPT09, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia;6. Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia;7. University of Carthage, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab of Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Risks Related to Environmental Stress, Struggle and Prevention (UR17ES20), Bizerte, Zarzouna, Tunisia
Abstract:Bacterial communities associated with roots of Panicum turgidum, exposed to arid conditions, were investigated with a combination of cultural and metataxonomic approaches. Traditional culture-based techniques were used and 32 isolates from the irradiated roots were identified as belonging to Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. Four actinobacterial strains were shown to be ionizing-radiation (IR)-resistant: Microbacterium sp. PT8 (4.8 kGy (kGy)), Micrococcus sp. PT11 (4.4 kGy), Kocuria rhizophila PT10 (2.9 kGy) and Promicromonospora panici PT9T (2.6 kGy), based on the D10 dose necessary for a 90% reduction in colony forming units (CFU). Concerning the investigation of microbial communities in situ, metataxonomic analyses of the diversity of IR-resistant microorganisms associated with irradiated roots revealed a marked dominance of Actinobacteria (46.6%) and Proteobacteria (31.5%) compared to Bacteroidetes (4.6%) and Firmicutes (3.2%). Gamma irradiation not only changed the structure of bacterial communities, but also affected their functional properties. Comparative analyses of metabolic profiles indicated the induction of several pathways related to adaptation to oxidative stress in irradiated roots, such as DNA repair, secondary metabolites synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mitigating enzymes, etc. P. turgidum is emblematic of desert-adapted plants. Until now, there is no other work that has focused on the microbial profile of irradiated roots of this xerophyte.
Keywords:Culture approach  Desiccation  Metabolic profiles  Metataxonomic  Radioresistant
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