fMRI与DTI在神经科学研究中的联合应用

功能磁共振成像(fMRI)和扩散张量成像(DTI)是近年来磁共振成像领域出现的两种新的成像技术,它们各具特色。功能磁共振成像能对人脑相关任务激活区进行准确的功能定位并提供相关皮层区域的磁共振信号改变特征信息,但时于脑白质相关改变则不能提供任何信息;扩散张量成像则是目前能够在体呈现人脑解剖连接的唯一手段,采用它能对人脑组织,包括灰质和白质的扩散特性进行定量研究,并且能够形象显示人脑生理或病理状态下的纤维束形态、走行等,但扩散张量成像不能提供皮层功能情况信息。功能磁共振成像和扩散张量成像技术具有很强的互补性,二者联合在神经科学研究中具有广阔的应用前景。目前也正成为神经科学研究领域的热点之一。本文从功能磁共振成像和扩散张量成像的原理、特点,二者结合应用的具体方法以及目前二者在神经科学各基础及临床学科结合应用的研究进展进行了综述。

Combination of fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Research of Neuroscience

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI),two innovative neuroimaging techniques,emerged in recent years and have shown their own features.Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging can localize the human cortical area that correlate with some specific perception,motor,sensory or cognitive task and characterize the magnetic resonance signal change,but it can not provide the information of white matter.Diffusion Tensor Imaging is the unique tool that can demonstrate the anatomical connectivity of the human brain in vivo at present.With it,we can investigate the diffusion properties of the human brain tissue quantitatively,including grey matter and white matter,and demonstrate the integration and orientations of the fiber tract vividly in the physiological or pathological condition.Yet it can provide little information about the cortex.So,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging are complementary.fMRI in combination with DTI is a promising tool in the neuroscience research.At present,it is to be one of the hot topics in the domain of neuroscientific study.In this paper,we reviewed their principles,features,the way of combination and their clinical and research applications.