Response of two tomato cultivars differing in salt tolerance to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress |
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Authors: | G N Al-Karaki R Hammad M Rusan |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan e-mail: gkaraki@just.edu.jo, JO |
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Abstract: | Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and salt stress on nutrient acquisition and growth of two tomato cultivars exhibiting
differences in salt tolerance were investigated. Plants were grown in a sterilized, low-P (silty clay) soil-sand mix. Salt
was applied at saturation extract (ECe) values of 1.4 (control), 4.9 (medium) and 7.1 dS m–1 (high salt stress). Mycorrhizal colonization occurred irrespective of salt stress in both cultivars, but AMF colonization
was higher under control than under saline soil conditions. The salt-tolerant cultivar Pello showed higher mycorrhizal colonization
than the salt-sensitive cultivar Marriha. Shoot dry matter (DM) yield and leaf area were higher in mycorrhizal than nonmycorrhizal
plants of both cultivars. Shoot DM and leaf area but not root DM were higher in Pello than Marriha. The enhancement in shoot
DM due to AMF inoculation was 22% and 21% under control, 31% and 58% under medium, and 18% and 59% under high salinity for
Pello and Marriha, respectively. For both cultivars, the contents of P, K, Zn, Cu, and Fe were higher in mycorrhizal than
nonmycorrhizal plants under control and medium saline soil conditions. The enhancement in P, K, Zn, Cu, and Fe acquisition
due to AMF inoculation was more pronounced in Marriha than in the Pello cultivar under saline conditions. The results suggest
that Marriha benefited more from AMF colonization than Pello under saline soil conditions, despite the fact that Pello roots
were highly infected with the AMF. Thus, it appears that Marriha is more dependent on AMF symbiosis than Pello.
Accepted: 22 January 2001 |
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Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Cultivar Growth Lycopersicon esculentum Salinity |
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