Determination of the critical micelle concentration of surfactants using the fluorescent probe N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine |
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| Authors: | R M Brito W L Vaz |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Janssen R&D, DPDS BTDS Analytical Development, Hochstr. 201, 8200 Schaffhausen, Switzerland;2. Analytical Development, Biogen, Morrisville, NC 27709, USA;3. UCB, Analytical Development Sciences for Biologicals, Chemin du Foriest, 1420 Braine-l''Alleud, Belgium;4. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Innovation Unit, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;5. Analytical Research and Development, NBE Analytical R&D, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH& Co. KG, Knollstraße, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany;6. GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 S Collegeville Rd, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA;7. Merck Serono SpA, Guidonia Montecelio, Italy, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany;8. Pfizer, Inc. Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Analytical Research and Development 875 W. Chesterfield Parkway, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA;9. Novartis Pharma AG, TRD Biologics & CGT, GDD, 4002 Basel, Switzerland;10. Pharma Technical Development Analytics, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, Penzberg, 82377, Germany;11. Lonza AG, Drug Product Services, Hochbergerstr. 60G, CH-4057 Basel, Switzerland;12. Byondis B.V., Downstream Processing, Nijmegen, the Netherlands;13. Bioproduct Research and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA;14. Process Development, Amgen Inc., 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA;15. Bayer AG, Product Supply, Analytical Development and Clinical QC for Biotech Products, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 217-233, 42117 Wuppertal, Germany;p. Sanofi R&D, Biologics Drug Products Development,13 quai Jules Guesde, 94403 Vitry-sur Seine, France |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The fluorescence quantum yield of N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (NPN) increases about 10-fold and the wavelength of maximum fluorescence emission is blue-shifted when this molecule partitions into the apolar core of micellar structures from the aqueous phase. This property allowed the utilization of NPN as a fluorescent indicator of micelle formation by 14 different surfactants belonging to the families of alkyltrimethylammonium halides, alkylsulfates, alkylbetaines, alkylglucosides, and bile salts. The critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) determined with NPN agreed well with literature values. In this work NPN was used at a concentration of 10(-6) M which allowed determination of CMCs in the range between approximately 10(-5) and greater than 10(-2) M. With high-sensitivity instrumentation considerably lower NPN concentrations can be used and consequently considerably lower CMCs can be rapidly and accurately determined. |
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