微生物冷休克蛋白的生理功能及其潜在应用

冷休克反应是普遍存在于微生物体内的一种适应环境温度骤降的应答机制，而氨基酸序列高度保守的冷休克蛋白则是调控冷休克反应的重要因子。越来越多的研究表明，冷休克蛋白除了调控冷休克反应外，还参与调控了生物体多个性状，如宿主正常生长和分化、病原菌的侵袭力和致病性以及宿主对多种逆境（高渗透压、抗生素）的应答。综述了冷休克蛋白及其来源、其参与调控的生理性状和基于冷休克反应及冷休克蛋白的应用，以期为发酵条件优化、食品储藏、致病菌抑制以及作物性状改良等方面提供有益参考。

Physiological Function and Potential Applications of Cold Shock Proteins in Microbes

Cold shock response, a phenomenon that results from a sudden decrease in conditional temperature, widely lies in microbes; cold-shock proteins (CSPs), some small homologous proteins were found to play important roles in cold shock response. It is revealed that CSPs regulate the expression of some genes invovled in cold shock response, and also regulate a wide range of genes expression, such as normal growth and differentiation of hosts, invasiveness and pathogenicity of pathogen, and stress response of hosts including high pressure and antibiotic stress. The paper summarized the source of CSPs, physiological characters regulation that CSPs involved, and the application of CSPs based on cold shock response, which was expected to provide reference for fermentation process conditions, food storage, inhibition of pathogens, crop genetic improvement, and so on.