胎膜组织贴壁细胞：一种新的间质干细胞来源

目的] 建立体外分离纯化胎膜组织贴壁细胞（fetal membrane derived adherent cells，FMDACs）的方法，并且研究FMDACs的基本生物学特性。方法] 用胰酶消化法分离FMDACs，体外传代培养，并进行向成骨、成脂细胞的诱导分化培养，流式细胞仪、免疫细胞化学检测表面抗原，核型分析及致瘤性实验。结果] 成功地进行了FMDACs的原代培养及传代培养，FMDACs具有良好的增殖能力，表达CD44、CD29,不表达CD34、CD14、CD45,经诱导后能够分化为成骨细胞和成脂细胞，传代多次后核型正常,无致瘤性。结论] 胎膜组织中可以分离得到具有间质干细胞特性的贴壁细胞，具有较强的自我更新和多向分化能力，遗传背景稳定无致瘤性。FMDACs为临床应用进行细胞治疗和基因治疗提供了新的来源。

Fetal Membrane Derived Adherent Cells: a Novel Source for Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Objective: To establish a method for isolation and purification of fetal membrane derived adherent cells (FMDACs) , and investigate their biological characteristics. Method: FMDACs were isolated with trypsin inducing and cultured in vitro. FMDACs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. FACS and immunocytochemistry technique were used to examine the cell surface antigen. The genetic stability was verified by karyotype analysis. Results: FMDACs were successfully isolated and expanded in vitro. They had strong proliferative ability. FMDACs were positive for CD44 and CD29, but negative for CD34, CD14 and CD45. FMDACs were differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes after inducement. The karyotype was stable in the sixth-passaged FMDACs and the tumorigenicity was not found. Conclusion; FMDACs have the possibility of multipotent stem cells, which have strong capacities of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. The genetic background of FMDACs is stable. FMDACs may be used as a kind of novel seed cells for tissue engineering.