西方传统军事防御环境的转型与启示

军事防御环境在发展的过程中已经成为城市的一部分，代表着城市的文化和历史。军事防御环境的转型和保护，无论形式语言还是表达的文化内涵，都来源于场地形成和发展过程的启示。从城市发展的视角，梳理从中世纪开始军事防御空间的发展特征和影响因素。通过对荷兰水线、蒙锥克山、普西迪要塞等军事环境的转型的典型案例分析，总结出了军事防御环境保护和改造中的启示，历史上的军事防御环境在转型后需要承载场所精神、重塑场地与城市空间的关联性，并且需要通过可持续管理模式重新搭建人与场地的互动关系。

Transformation and Enlightenment of Traditional Western Military Defense Space

The military defense environment has become a part of a city in the development process, representing the city''s culture and history. The transformation and protection of the military defense environment, regardless of the form language or the cultural connotation it delivers, both come from the revelation gained from land formation and development process. From the perspective of urban development, this paper summarizes the development characteristics and influence factors of military defense environment since the Middle Ages. Through the typical case analysis of the transformation of the military environment such as the Dutch Waterline, Mountain Montjuic and the Presidio, the enlightenment in the protection and transformation of the military defense environment is summed up. After the transformation, the historical military defense environment needs to embody site spirits, remodel the connection between fields and urban spaces, and need to re-establish the interaction between people and places through the sustainable management mode.