红色伪角毛虫的形态学重描述及与相近种的比较(纤毛门,腹毛目)

利用活体观察、蛋白银染色技术对1种海水腹毛目纤毛虫-红色伪角毛虫Pseudokeronopsis rubra的青岛种群之活体形态和纤毛图式做了研究.其特征如下:虫体呈长带状,尾钝圆,身体柔软,高度可曲;皮层颗粒棕黄色,主要呈玫瑰花形分布,其余散布;表膜下具另1种无色、双面凹形颗粒.口围带小膜数为48～55;左、右缘棘毛各1列,中腹棘毛排成典型的锯齿状并延伸至横棘毛附近;额棘毛无明确分化,呈冠状排布并与中腹棘毛列相连续;口棘毛1根,额前棘毛2根;背触毛4列.大核90～140枚.伸缩泡位于体后左侧1/3处.经比较表明,尽管纤毛图式高度相似,P.rubra仍可以很容易地依据体色、伸缩泡的位置、皮层颗粒的大小、颜色、排布等活体特征与相近种区分.说明活体观察在纤毛虫种类鉴定中具有十分重要的作用.

MORPHOLOGICAL REDESCRIPTION OF PSEUDOKERONOPSIS RUBRA (CILIOPHORA,HYPOTRICHIDA) AND COMPARISON WITH CONGENERS AND PREVIOUS POPULATION

The morphology and infraciliatrure of a well-known hypotrichous ciliate, Pseudokeronopsis rubra (Ehrenberg, 1838)Borror & Wicklow, 1983, isolated from shrimp culturing water of Qingdao, were observed in vivo and investigated by protargol impregnation method. The identical characteristics are concluded as: body belt-like, soft, highly flexible; tiny cortical pigments (ca. 0.5 μm), brownish yellow in colour, grouped in rosette-patterns, some of which sparsely distributed throughout the body; the other kind of granules colorless and blood-cell-shaped, about 1.5 μm ×1.0 μm, densely packed through entire body. Adoral zone of membranelles composed of 48-55 membranelles; one marginal row on each side of cell; zig-zag patterned midventral row extend to almost the transverse cirri; consistently 1 buccal cirrus and 2 frontoterminal cirri; 4 dorsal kineties; caudal cirri absent; contractile vacuole positioned in posterior 1/3 of the cell. Compared with congeners, P. rubra can be differentiated by the position of the contractile vacuole, body colour, the size and colour of the cortical granules etc. The characteristics mentioned above are mainly observed in vivo; therefore, the results also indicated that the living observation plays an important role in the identification of ciliates.