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Intercontinental and intracontinental biogeography patterns and methods |
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| Authors: | Jun WEN Qiu-Yun XIANG Hong QIAN Jian-hua LI Xiao-Quan WANG Stefanie M ICKERT-BOND |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Botany, MRC-166, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington DC 20013-7012, USA 2. Department of Plant Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7612, USA 3. Research and Collections Center, Illinois State Museum, Springfield, IL 62703, USA 4. Biology Department, Hope College, Holland, M149423, USA 5. State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 6. UA Museum of the North Herbarium and Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6960, USA |
| Abstract: | The study of biogeography has benefited from the exponential increase of DNA sequence data from recent molecular systematic studies, the development of analytical methods in the last decade concerning divergence time estimation and geographic area analyses, and the availability of large-scale distribution data of species in many groups of organisms. The underlying principle of divergence time estimation from DNA and protein data is that sequence divergence depends on the product of evolutionary rate and time. With their molecular clock hypothesis, Zuckerkandl and Pauling (1965) separated rates of molecular evolution from time by incorporating fossil evidence. Originally, a constant rate of sequence evolution was assumed, but soon it became evident that many data sets do not obey the constant rate assumption of a strict molecular clock. |
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